Hindbrain (Rhombencephalon)

Derived from the rhombencephalon (primary ventricle), the hindbrain constitutes the back of the brain.  The hindbrain is composed of the cerebellum, medulla, pons, and several of the twelve cranial nerves. 

The cerebellum uses sensations to coordinate voluntary muscle movement, including the maintenance of balance and posture. The medulla, the lowest part of the brainstem and hindbrain, is involved with autonomic vital functions and involuntary reflexes. The glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, and hypoglossal nerves originate from this region. Finally, the pons serves as the bridge between the cerebral cortex and spinal cord. The abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, and trigeminal nerves can be found in this region.